Current Orthopaedics RSS feed: Current Issue. Current Orthopaedics is now called Orthopaedics and Trauma, please click on the link above for up to date details. Current Orthopaedics presents a unique collection of International review articles summarizing the current state of knowledge and research in orthopaedics. Each issue focuses on a specific topic, discussed in depth in a mini-symposium; other articles cover the areas of basic science, medicine, children/adults, trauma, imaging and historical review. There is also an annotation, self-assessment questions and a 'second opinion' section. In this way the entire postgraduate syllabus will be covered in a 4-year cycle. http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ycuor/?rss=yesElsevier Inc.en © 2008 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Current Orthopaedics0268-0890226December 2008 © 2008 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. healthpermissions@elsevier.comhttp://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ycuor/article/PIIS0268089008001801/abstract?rss=yesEditorial Board10.1016/S0268-0890(08)00180-1Current Orthopaedics 22, 6 (2008)2008-12-01Current Orthopaedics2008-12-01226S0268-0890(08)X0007-6iihttp://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ycuor/article/PIIS0268089008001540/abstract?rss=yesSummary: Total hip replacement is a very successful operation which relieves pain of an arthritic hip. Increasingly patients are demanding more than just pain relief from their replaced joints and challenging the surgeons and the implants used to deliver high function as well as longevity. This challenge can be achieved by using modern implants and perhaps more importantly by restoring the normal anatomy, biomechanics and kinematics of the hip during implantation.(i) Biomechanics of the human hip – consequences for total hip replacementE. Sariali, V. Veysi, T. Stewart10.1016/j.cuor.2008.10.005Current Orthopaedics 22, 6 (2008)2008-12-01Current Orthopaedics2008-12-01226S0268-0890(08)X0007-6Mini-Symposium: Essential Biomechanics of Hip Replacement371375http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ycuor/article/PIIS0268089008001564/abstract?rss=yesSummary: The occurrence of total hip impingement, whether or not accompanied by frank dislocation, holds substantial untoward clinical consequences, especially as less-forgiving advanced bearing implant designs come into ever more widespread use. Biomechanical aspects of impingement and dislocation have historically received relatively little scientific attention, although that situation is now rapidly changing. The present article reviews contemporary laboratory and clinical research on the impingement/dislocation phenomena, focusing particularly on how implant design variables, surgical implantation factors and patient activity each act individually and in concert to pose impingement and dislocation challenges. In recent years, several powerful new research methodologies have emerged that have greatly expanded the scope for clinical translation of systematic laboratory study. Transferring the findings from such research into yet better implant designs, and even better surgical procedures, offers encouragement that the clinical impact of this troublesome complication can be further reduced.(ii) Impingement in total hip replacement: mechanisms and consequencesThomas D. Brown, John J. Callaghan10.1016/j.cuor.2008.10.009Current Orthopaedics 22, 6 (2008)2008-12-01Current Orthopaedics2008-12-01226S0268-0890(08)X0007-6Mini-Symposium: Essential Biomechanics of Hip Replacement376391http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ycuor/article/PIIS0268089008001552/abstract?rss=yesSummary: Because of its improved wear-resistance, crosslinked polyethylene is now regarded as a desirable technology for hip articulations. In the present review, we focus specifically on applications of crosslinked polyethylene in the hip. We begin with an overview of the basic science concepts and terminology surrounding crosslinked polyethylene and the two main thermal processing techniques, which involve either annealing or remelting the polymer after irradiative crosslinking. The second part of the review is a critical assessment of the peer-reviewed literature on the subject of femoral head penetration and wear in crosslinked polyethylenes measured in clinical studies.(iii) Wear in highly crosslinked polyethylenesSteven Kurtz, Francisco J. Medel, Michael Manley10.1016/j.cuor.2008.10.011Current Orthopaedics 22, 6 (2008)2008-12-01Current Orthopaedics2008-12-01226S0268-0890(08)X0007-6Mini-Symposium: Essential Biomechanics of Hip Replacement392399http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ycuor/article/PIIS0268089008001291/abstract?rss=yesQuestions Patient 1Radiology QuizSalma Chaudhury, Nev Davies, Catherine McCarthy10.1016/j.cuor.2008.08.007Current Orthopaedics 22, 6 (2008)2008-12-01Current Orthopaedics2008-12-01226S0268-0890(08)X0007-6Quiz400405http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ycuor/article/PIIS0268089008001175/abstract?rss=yesSummary: Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (PLIF) may be indicated for intractable back pain, as it maintains adequate distraction of the intervertebral space thus relieving pressure on the nerve root. Iliac crest autografts, allografts and porous metallic cages are used.Success rates of above 90% have been reported, but complications due to the operative approach have been described. While biomechanically PLIF is superior to simple disc excision in relieving intractable back pain, the procedure is technically difficult in the presence of scar tissue from previous surgery. A proper understanding of operative principles and appropriate patient selection is essential to achieve good results. As an alternative technique, Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (ALIF) has advocates.Posterior and anterior lumbar interbody fusionTiruveedhula S. Madhu10.1016/j.cuor.2008.07.006Current Orthopaedics 22, 6 (2008)2008-12-01Current Orthopaedics2008-12-01226S0268-0890(08)X0007-6Spine406413http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ycuor/article/PIIS0268089008001254/abstract?rss=yesSummary: Normal hip development is vital for the normal biomechanics of the hip joint. Gross deformity is well known to lead to early-onset osteoarthritis. There is an increasing appreciation of the importance of more subtle changes in hip morphology, which can also be predisposing factors for degenerative wear of the hip. Careful examination and imaging of young adults presenting with hip pain is paramount to identifying femoroacetabular impingement early, at a stage when joint preserving techniques can be of benefit.This article will discuss the different types of hip impingement, their clinical and radiological features and the current treatment options available.Young adult hip disease: hip morphology and impingementCaroline J. Lever, John N. O'Hara10.1016/j.cuor.2008.08.003Current Orthopaedics 22, 6 (2008)2008-12-01Current Orthopaedics2008-12-01226S0268-0890(08)X0007-6Adult Hip414421http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ycuor/article/PIIS0268089008001199/abstract?rss=yesSummary: The operative techniques to manage degenerative arthritis of the first metatarso-phalangeal joint (hallux rigidus) are described and compared.Management of hallux rigidusAdnan Faraj10.1016/j.cuor.2008.07.008Current Orthopaedics 22, 6 (2008)2008-12-01Current Orthopaedics2008-12-01226S0268-0890(08)X0007-6Foot and Ankle422427http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ycuor/article/PIIS0268089008001266/abstract?rss=yesSummary: Charcot osteo-arthropathy is a potentially catastrophic complication of neuropathy. It can occur in any joint and has been associated with many of the causes of sensory deprivation; however it most commonly presents in the foot and ankle in the diabetic population. This article stresses early recognition and prevention of deformity. The key topics are: Pathophysiology: unrecognised microtrauma versus osseous hyperaemia as likely aetiologies, leading to fragmentation of the affected joint or bone. Assessment: diagnosis of neuropathy, x-ray changes, alternative imaging and its limitations and investigation to rule out other causes. Classification and staging: current staging of Charcot osteo-arthropathy and anatomical classification of foot and ankle Charcot osteo-arthropathy. Treatment: Current recommended treatment modalities including conservative, operative and pharmacological.Charcot osteo-arthropathyJames C. Stanley, Andrew M. Collier10.1016/j.cuor.2008.08.004Current Orthopaedics 22, 6 (2008)2008-12-01Current Orthopaedics2008-12-01226S0268-0890(08)X0007-6Arthritis428433http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ycuor/article/PIIS0268089008001163/abstract?rss=yesSummary: Diaphyseal tibial fractures are common and generally heal well. However, non-union is a frequent consequence, can require prolonged treatment with unpredictable results and lead to chronic disability. This article describes the management of non-unions and provides an algorithm for current management techniques including the challenges of bone loss, deformity and infection and an overview of the role of biological augments in non-union surgery.Tibial non-union: a review of current practiceElizabeth Moulder, Hemant K. Sharma10.1016/j.cuor.2008.07.005Current Orthopaedics 22, 6 (2008)2008-12-01Current Orthopaedics2008-12-01226S0268-0890(08)X0007-6Trauma434441http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ycuor/article/PIIS0268089008001539/abstract?rss=yesCME questions based on the Mini-Symposium on “Osteoporosis”10.1016/j.cuor.2008.10.004Current Orthopaedics 22, 6 (2008)2008-12-01Current Orthopaedics2008-12-01226S0268-0890(08)X0007-6CME Section442444http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/ycuor/article/PIIS0268089008001242/abstract?rss=yesAnswers to CME questions based on the Mini-Symposium on “Genetic Approaches to Disc Disease”10.1016/j.cuor.2008.08.002Current Orthopaedics 22, 6 (2008)2008-12-01Current Orthopaedics2008-12-01226S0268-0890(08)X0007-6CME Section445445